ISRO’s New Flight: Preparations for Satellite Docking in Elliptical Orbit with Spadex-2 Mission.

ISRO’s New Flight: Preparations for Satellite Docking in Elliptical Orbit with Spadex-2 Mission.

Spadex-2

India is about to take another big leap in the field of space science. ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) has accelerated preparations for the Spadex-2 mission, which aims to successfully dock two satellites in an elliptical orbit. This mission is not only challenging from the technical point of view, but can also prove to be an important milestone for many complex missions in the future, such as Chandrayaan-4 and the proposed Indian Space Station.

Docking Technology: The Backbone of Space Missions.

Docking means the interconnection of two satellites or vehicles in space. This process is as technically complex as it sounds easy. This technique is very important in those missions in which different parts have to be joined in space to form a larger unit.

In the first SpaDeX mission, ISRO had successfully tested this technique for the first time, in which two satellites weighing 220 kg were released in a circular orbit at a height of 470 km from the Earth. They were gradually brought closer and then on January 16, they joined each other i.e. docked.

With this success, India became the fourth country after America, Russia and China to demonstrate docking capability in space. However, this work was done in a circular orbit, which is comparatively easier.

Now the next challenge: Docking in an elliptical orbit.

This time the challenge is much greater in the SpaDeX-2 mission. The aim of the scientists is to now join the satellites in an elliptical orbit, where the height of the orbit and the speed of the satellites keep changing continuously.

According to a senior scientist, “Docking in an elliptical orbit is much more complex than in a circular orbit, because the calculations there keep changing from moment to moment. The calculation you have done for one time may become irrelevant after a few minutes.” ISRO is now planning to overcome this complexity.

Why is docking necessary between Chandrayaan-4 and Indian Space Station? ISRO is going to launch a mission like Chandrayaan-4 in the future, in which many modules can be sent at different times. In such a situation, it will become necessary to connect them to each other in space.

Not only this, this technology will also play a central role in the plan of India’s upcoming space station. In lunar missions, ISRO usually sends the spacecraft into an elliptical orbit, so that the mission can be completed with less fuel. This orbit is considered suitable for launching the spacecraft towards the moon. That is why the success of docking in an elliptical orbit will prove to be very important for India’s space strategy. —

SpaDeX Mission-1: First attempt done with utmost caution.

During the first SpaDeX mission, ISRO tested the docking technique for the first time. Extreme caution was taken in this. The satellites were brought closer at a very slow speed. In this process, the satellites were stopped at several checkpoints and tested – such as at a distance of 5 km, 1.5 km, 500 m, 225 m, 15 m and 3 m.

Many special sensors were developed for the first time for this mission. They had to be calibrated according to the conditions of space. After this, several simulation tests were done on earth. When everything was confirmed, then the actual docking was done.

Spadex-2  Spadex-2

SpaDeX-2 will have fast and sophisticated docking.

Based on the learnings and data from the first attempt, now there is a plan to execute SpaDeX-2 in a fast, accurate and complex orbit. Scientists say that this time the docking process will be more streamlined than ever, because now good experience of sensor data and tests has been gained.

While the first time the satellites were stopped at every checkpoint, the second time around the plan is to dock the satellites with greater ease and speed. This has already been practised, making the process relatively easier now.

Way forward: A revolutionary step for India’s space flights

The significance of the Spadex-2 mission is not limited to just a technical exercise, but it is a direction-changing step for India’s space exploration programme. This mission will prove that India can dock even in complex conditions like elliptical orbits — and these capabilities can make India self-reliant in plans ranging from Chandrayaan-4 to its own space station.

If this mission succeeds, India will stand with a stronger presence in the global space club, and will also be ready for future endeavours like a moon base or interplanetary missions.

ISRO’s Spadex-2 mission is not just a symbol of India’s technological prowess, but it is also a cornerstone for the country’s space journey in the years to come. This mission shows that India is no longer limited to just sending spacecraft, but it is now moving towards carrying out complex missions by connecting them together in space.

This preparation of ISRO is not only a matter of pride from the scientific point of view, but is also an inspiration for every Indian that we are now very close to touching new heights of space.

Reference :  https://www.isro.gov.in/

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